The Dashboard is composed of various instruments and indicators, especially the driver's warning light alarm, which provides the driver with the required vehicle operating parameter information. According to the working principle of Dashboard, it can be roughly divided into three generations. The first generation Dashboard is a mechanical movement watch; The second generation of Dashboard is called electrical instruments; The third generation is full digital Dashboard, which is a networked and intelligent instrument with more powerful functions, richer display content and simpler wiring harness links.

Most Dashboard are third-generation instruments, which can drive the pointer of the base meter through a stepping motor,

You can also use an LCD screen to directly display graphic or text information. At the same time, it also has an intelligent processing unit, which can interact with other control units of the car.

The function of Dashboard is to obtain the required data and display it in an appropriate way. Previously, instruments were generally limited to 3-4 quantity displays and 4-5 warning functions, while new instruments now have about 15 quantity displays and about 40 warning monitoring functions. Different information can be obtained and displayed in different ways. Currently, there are three main methods for obtaining information from new instruments: transmission through the vehicle body bus; Convert through A/D sampling; Obtained through changes in IO status.

There are five main display methods:

1. Drive the pointer to rotate by driving a stepper motor;

2. Display graphic or digital information through a dot matrix LCD display screen;

3. Display through segment LCD screen or Nixie tube;

4. Displayed through the switch of LED lights;

5. The current status is indicated by the different beeps of the buzzer.

According to the above requirements, the Dashboard panel designed in this paper consists of MCU system, stepping motor driven LED display, LCD display, alarm function, memory function, key processing, LIN bus communication, low-speed fault tolerant CAN bus communication and power supply.